In this Article
What is Composting?
Composting is the natural process of decomposing organic materials like kitchen scraps and yard trimmings into nutrient-rich soil, known as compost. Microorganisms break down the organic matter, requiring oxygen, water, and a balanced mix of carbon and nitrogen-rich materials.
Composting involves creating a pile or container where materials decompose over time, aided by regular turning or aerating to accelerate the process. The resulting compost is a valuable soil amendment rich in nutrients, beneficial for plant growth and soil health. Composting reduces waste sent to landfills, mitigates greenhouse gas emissions, and promotes sustainable gardening and landscaping practices.
Why Compost?
Before we dive into the how-to of composting, let’s understand why it’s worth the effort.
Compost enriches soil, helping it retain moisture and nutrients, which in turn promotes healthier plant growth. It also reduces the need for chemical fertilizers, thereby minimizing environmental impact.
Additionally, composting reduces methane emissions from landfills, a potent greenhouse gas contributing to climate change. So, not only does composting benefit your garden, but it also contributes to a healthier planet.
Getting Started
The first step in composting is deciding on a composting method and location. You can choose from various options, including traditional compost bins, tumblers, or even simple piles.
Consider factors such as space, aesthetics, and ease of access when making your decision. Ideally, your composting setup should be located in a shaded area with good drainage.
What to Compost:
Next, let’s talk about what you can and cannot compost. In general, most organic materials can be composted, including:
- Fruit and vegetable scraps
- Coffee grounds and filters
- Eggshells
- Yard waste (grass clippings, leaves, etc.)
- Shredded paper and cardboard
- Plant trimmings
- Sawdust (from untreated wood)
However, it’s essential to avoid composting items such as meat, dairy, oily foods, pet waste, and anything treated with pesticides or chemicals. These materials attract pests, produce unpleasant odours, and disrupt the composting process.
The Composting Process
Composting is essentially a process of decomposition facilitated by microorganisms. To start composting, begin by layering your composting materials in your chosen bin or pile. Aim for a balance of green materials (nitrogen-rich, such as fruit and vegetable scraps) and brown materials (carbon-rich, such as dried leaves and cardboard). You’ll also want to periodically turn or aerate the compost pile to promote decomposition and prevent odours.
Patience is key when it comes to composting. Depending on factors such as temperature, moisture, and the size of your compost pile, it can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months for your compost to be ready. You’ll know it’s ready when it resembles dark, crumbly soil and has a earthy smell.
How to use your compost?
Once your compost is ready, it’s time to reap the rewards! You can use your compost to enrich garden soil, top-dress existing plants, or create nutrient-rich potting mixes for container gardening. Compost can also be used as mulch to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Planet Pulse 
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